Cryptocurrency mining has undergone a dramatic transformation since Ethereum's shift from proof-of-work to proof-of-stake in 2022. While this change significantly reduced the profitability of GPU mining, dedicated enthusiasts and hobbyists still explore opportunities to generate passive income through alternative coins and efficient hardware. Although large-scale mining operations have pivoted to ASICs or cloud-based solutions, a few high-performing graphics cards remain viable for small-scale or dual-purpose use—especially when balancing gaming performance with light mining workloads.
This guide explores the most effective GPUs for mining in 2023, focusing on energy efficiency, hash rate, and overall value. Whether you're building a compact rig or looking for a powerful card that doubles as a gaming beast, we’ve got you covered.
Why GPU Mining Still Matters in 2023
Despite the decline in mainstream profitability, GPU mining retains relevance for several reasons:
- Alternative cryptocurrencies: Coins like Ravencoin (RVN), Ergo (ERG), and Flux (FLUX) still rely on GPU-mined algorithms.
- Low initial investment: Older or budget-friendly GPUs can be repurposed for mining without breaking the bank.
- Dual usage: Many users mine during idle hours while using the same GPU for gaming or creative tasks.
- Decentralization support: GPU mining supports more decentralized networks compared to ASIC-dominated blockchains.
However, it's crucial to calculate your electricity costs, cooling requirements, and expected hash rates before investing. Profit margins are slim, and break-even periods can stretch into months—or even years—depending on local energy prices.
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Top GPUs for Mining in 2023
NVIDIA GeForce RTX 3060 Ti – Best Value for Mining
Specifications:
- CUDA Cores: 4,864
- Base Clock: 1.41 GHz
- Boost Clock: 1.66 GHz
- Memory: 8 GB GDDR6
- Memory Bus: 256-bit
The RTX 3060 Ti remains one of the most balanced options for miners in 2023. Despite being a previous-generation card, it delivers strong performance across multiple mining algorithms, including KawPow (used by Ravencoin) and Autolykos (Ergo). With an average power draw of around 200W, it strikes a favorable balance between energy consumption and output.
Its widespread availability and relatively stable drivers make it a go-to choice for beginners and small-scale operators. When optimized with undervolting and proper BIOS settings, the 3060 Ti can achieve hash rates of up to 38 MH/s on Ethereum-equivalent algorithms (pre-merge benchmarks still inform performance on similar chains).
Even after accounting for electricity costs, some users report modest daily returns—though not enough to replace a full-time income.
NVIDIA GTX 1660 Super – Best Budget Option
Specifications:
- CUDA Cores: 1,408
- Memory: 6 GB GDDR6
- Memory Bus: 192-bit
For those testing the waters without significant investment, the GTX 1660 Super offers solid entry-level performance. While not as powerful as newer models, its low price point makes it ideal for multi-GPU setups where scalability matters more than individual performance.
This card excels in memory-intensive algorithms due to its fast GDDR6 VRAM and efficient memory bandwidth. In configurations with three or more cards, cumulative returns become more noticeable—even if each unit generates only a few cents per day.
It’s also worth noting that the 1660 Super doesn’t require external PCIe power connectors on many models, simplifying PSU requirements for compact builds.
NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090 – Highest Mining Performance
Specifications:
- Architecture: Ada Lovelace
- Shader Units: 16,384
- Ray Tracing Cores: 128
- Boost Clock: Up to 2.52 GHz
- Memory: 24 GB GDDR6X
The RTX 4090 is the undisputed king of raw computing power in consumer GPUs. In mining scenarios, it achieves staggering hash rates—up to 120 MH/s on certain algorithms—thanks to its massive core count and wide memory interface.
However, its extreme power consumption (around 450W under load) and premium price tag (~$1,600 at launch) make it impractical for most miners. Unless you have access to cheap electricity or are operating in a commercial data center environment, the return on investment is likely too slow to justify the expense.
That said, if you already own an RTX 4090 for gaming or AI workloads, leveraging idle cycles for mining can offset some operational costs.
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NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4070 Ti – Best for Gaming and Mining Combo
Specifications:
- Shader Units: 7,680
- Architecture: Ada Lovelace
- Process Node: 4nm
- Transistors: 35.8 billion
The RTX 4070 Ti stands out as the best hybrid option for users who want top-tier gaming performance without completely sacrificing mining potential. It handles modern AAA titles at 4K resolution with ease and delivers competitive hash rates on memory-bound algorithms.
With a TDP of just 285W, it’s far more energy-efficient than the 4090 while still offering excellent performance-per-watt metrics. When paired with optimized mining software like T-Rex or NBMiner, it can maintain consistent output across multiple coins.
For builders aiming to future-proof their systems, the 4070 Ti offers the best compromise between cost, efficiency, and versatility.
Is Cryptocurrency Mining Worth It in 2023?
This is the critical question every aspiring miner must ask.
Short answer: Only under specific conditions.
After Ethereum’s transition to proof-of-stake, the most profitable era of GPU mining ended. Today’s reality is stark:
- Average earnings from a single high-end GPU range from $0.10 to $0.50 per day.
- Electricity costs often consume the majority of returns.
- Hardware depreciation accelerates due to constant full-load operation.
Mining may still make sense if:
- You have access to sub-$0.10/kWh electricity.
- You’re using existing hardware with no additional acquisition cost.
- You're committed to supporting decentralized networks rather than seeking profit.
Otherwise, consider alternative uses for your GPU—such as rendering, machine learning tasks, or simply enjoying high-fidelity gaming experiences.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Q: Can I still mine Ethereum with a GPU in 2023?
A: No. Ethereum completed its transition to proof-of-stake in September 2022, eliminating GPU mining from its network entirely.
Q: What cryptocurrencies can I mine with these GPUs?
A: Popular options include Ravencoin (KawPow), Ergo (Autolykos), and Flux (ZelHash). Always verify algorithm compatibility before starting.
Q: Do I need multiple GPUs to make mining profitable?
A: Not necessarily. While multi-GPU rigs increase total output, profitability depends more on electricity costs and coin value than sheer quantity.
Q: How do I optimize my GPU for mining?
A: Use tools like MSI Afterburner to undervolt and reduce power consumption while maintaining stable hash rates. Also ensure adequate cooling and use reliable mining software.
Q: Will mining damage my graphics card?
A: Continuous full-load operation increases wear on components, especially VRAM and voltage regulators. Proper airflow and regular maintenance help extend lifespan.
Q: Are there better alternatives to GPU mining now?
A: Yes. For most people, staking proof-of-stake coins or investing directly offers better risk-adjusted returns than hardware-based mining.
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Final Thoughts
While the golden age of GPU mining has passed, strategic use of efficient hardware like the RTX 3060 Ti or GTX 1660 Super can still yield modest results—especially for those reusing existing components or living in regions with low electricity rates.
For most consumers, however, purchasing a GPU solely for mining is no longer financially viable. Instead, prioritize cards that enhance your primary use case—like gaming or content creation—and consider mining only as a secondary benefit during downtime.
As blockchain technology evolves, new opportunities may emerge. Staying informed and adaptable is key to navigating this dynamic space.
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